1. Renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydro power.
2. Energy storage technologies like batteries and pumped hydro.
3. Smart grids and demand management tools.
4. Energy-efficient buildings and appliances.
5. Artificial intelligence and machine learning applications to optimize energy production and consumption.
6. Electric vehicles and charging infrastructure.
7. Carbon capture and utilization technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
8. Advanced nuclear technologies such as small modular reactors.
9. Biofuels and other alternative fuels.
10. Internet of Things (IoT) devices for energy monitoring and management.